Recently discovered records of electrical measurements that were performed on the transatlantic cable in 1857 have been analysed using the transmission line matrix tlm numerical technique. For reverse engineering and inspection of your complex parts. Specific contact resistance was determined by characterizing the currentvoltage relation from transmission line method tlm measurement. The electrical characterization shows that the iv characteristics of the metalzns contacts are fairly linear up to a certain value of the. Extension of shockleys transmission line method tlm to. Pdf contact resistance measurement observations on. These can be connections between any two conductors, for example, cable connections or busbar sections. Cooper, modern electronic instrumentation and measurement techniques prentice hall. Tlm method transmission line matrix method based on measuring the resistance of doped silicon layers at depths. Ocv measurements can provide a good estimation for the remaining capacity of the. Alan doolittle school of electrical and computer engineering. Comparison of tlm and fdtd methods in rcs estimation 287 references 1 p. Electrical measurements measurement computing corp. Electrical devices from topdown structured platinum.
Recordings of a lakewood d18 acoustic guitar illustrate the spectral balance, and a rap track with backing in a separate file demonstrates the suitability for the human voice and the mixability of the microphone. Probes are applied to pairs of contacts, and the resistance between them is. Meters, double element and three element dynamometer wattmeter, errors and compensations, measurement of. One of them is to reduce the resistance between the electrical contacts. An extensive subsequent physical and electrical testing of the junctions is carried. Related content electrical characterization of low resistance alti f moscatelli, a scorzoni, a poggi et al. Department of electrical engineering, stanford university, stanford, ca 94305, u. There is a concern for the effect of the unprobed contacts that are skipped over during the resistance measurements of the tlm.
As the traditional 1d transmission line model tlm includes many assumptions. Physical methods, instruments and measurements measurements of electrical quantities jan saliga encyclopedia of life support systems eolss where q is the charge and t the time. Although people have survived electrical shocks exceeding thousands of volts and lightning strikes carrying millions of watts of power, everyone should treat electricity with caution and respect. Except au, the used metals show excellent ohmic contact with zns films over a wide range of. In the united states, electrical potentials more than 48v are considered dangerous to human life. Contact resistance is a measure of the ease way with which current can flow across a metal semiconductor interface. Transmission line method tlm measurement of metalzns. Introduction to electrical measurements instructor. Intrinsic electrical transport and performance projections of. Nevertheless, in the electrical field it is not always easy to find samples to compare. The electrical measurements notes pdf em notes pdf book starts with the topics covering control and damping torques, design considerations type of p.
So scroll above and download electrical measurements lab manual and if you face any problem, dont hesitate to write about it to us. The spacings between the linear array tlm ohmic contact pads, which were 40 m long, were 5, 10, 15, 30, and 40 m, and the structure was 100 m wide. Electrical measurements unit wise lecture notes and study materials in pdf format for engineering students. We demonstrate monolayer mos 2 grown by chemical vapor deposition cvd with transport properties comparable to those of the best exfoliated devices over a wide range of carrier densities up to 10 cm2 and temperatures 80500 k. In order to study this effect, we modeled tlm structures using the base parameters from table 2, and each structure was then. The objective of the course is to provide the student with essential principles of basic circuit analysis, digital logic circuits, transducers and electronic instruments for measurement of physical quantities. Characterization and control of galvanic corrosion during.
Tadiran high power lithium organic cell model tlm1550hpm. Classification, absolute and secondary instruments, indicating instruments. Aug 30, 2018 electrical measurements unit wise lecture notes and study materials in pdf format for engineering students. Errors, uncertainty, and reliability of signal processing 26 2.
It included tlm structures that could be tested through the manual. Electrical measurement and instrumentation course outline 201617 description. Comparison of tlm and fdtd methods in rcs estimation. Extension of shockley s transmission line method tlm to characterize ohmic contacts to cite this article.
Sarah harriss lecture from 2009 overview circuits electrical building blocks. Here you can download the free lecture notes of electrical measurements pdf notes em pdf notes materials with multiple file links. Intrinsic electrical transport and performance projections. Measurement of voltage record the voltage readings on the multimeter including sign and the reading on the power supplys meter. It is a technic used for measurement of contact resistance between metal and. Beurle, numerical solution of twodimensional scattering problems using a transmissionline matrix, proc. Yee, numerical solution of initial boundary value problems involving. By understanding the devices purpose and following a few simple rules, costly mistakes can be avoided. Electrical characterization of nitrogen implanted 3csic by ssrm and ctlm measurements. Electrical measuring instruments electrical measuring instruments published by iskra mis, d.
As practical skills we aim at the end of the course to be able to perform simple electrical measurements of voltage, current, and resistance, as well as more sophisticated, scientific electrical measurements. The electrical characterization shows that the iv characteristics of the metalzns contacts are fairly linear up to a certain value of the applied voltage. Faculty of electrical engineering and microelectronics research center. Specific contact resistance measurements of metalsemiconductor junctions n.
Sep 02, 2018 electrical measurements lab manual pdf download for now on this particular page we have provided em lab handbook in pdf for jntuh jntuk or jntua students of b. Pdf detailed investigation of tlm contact resistance. Detailed investigation of tlm contact resistance measurements on crystalline silicon solar cells article pdf available in solar energy 151. The standard units of electrical measurement used for the expression of voltage, current and resistance are the volt v, ampere a and ohm. Specific contact resistance measurements of metalsemiconductor. Development of contact resistance measurement capability. Transmission line measurement or transfer length measurement is a technique used in. A method for measuring the specific interface resistivity between two. Here, we focus on the transfer length method tlm measurements as it is the most prevalent technique for solar cells. Electrical field, e, is the negative of the gradient in electrical potential, i. Diagram of the resistances in series with the contact resistance. Issn 17518822 numerical analysis of some measurements on the. Department of electrical and computer engineering ece 2208b. Basic electrical measurements e80 feb 26, 2012 prof.
The technique involves making a series of metalsemiconductor contacts separated by various distances. Temperaturedependent contact resistance to nonvolatile. Electrical measurements as you work through the steps in the lab procedure, record your experimental values and the results on this worksheet. So scroll above and download electrical measurements lab manual and if. Measurement tlm method is most commonly used to extract the specific contact resis tivity for. This will be done by using simple experiments that introduce a dc power supply, a multimeter, and a simpli ed way to represent electric circuits using a schematic diagram. However, in transistors and other electronic devices, the contacts are a. Figure1represents a single volume three dimensional tlm node x, y, z. In the transistor all the current has to enter the silicide, resulting in lower drive current when l lc to the maximum value r0w. Z r l c 3dt c l 3dt 3 in tlm 3d modeling, the system is divided in small volumes elements. Use the exact values you record for your data to make later calculations. Each element is represented by a node that represents a unit of a line transmission. Pdf electrical characterization of nitrogen implanted 3c. Ad related to electrical measurements and measuring instruments laser measurement systems.
As with all of these lecture slides, i am indebted to dr. However, in most situations, the resistivity of the metal in the contact is so low that r c r m, and so r m can be ignored. Ocv measurements can provide a good estimation for the remaining capacity of the cell as. Rm is metal resistance, rc is contact resistance and rsemi is the semiconductor sheet resistance. Highprecision laboratory measurements of electrical quantities are used in experiments to determine fundamental physical properties such as the charge of the electron or the speed of light, and in the definition of the units for electrical measurements, with precision in some cases on the order of a few parts per million. The tlm test structure consists of several electrodes that. Electrical measurements lab manual pdf download for now on this particular page we have provided em lab handbook in pdf for jntuh jntuk or jntua students of b.
Tadiran high power lithium organic cell model tlm1530hp. Highmobility values allow fast device operation as needed for lowcost electronics on large areas with. J mimilaarroyo and m g herrerabernal 2017 semicond. Transmission line measurement or transfer length measurement is a technique used in semiconductor physics and engineering to determine the contact resistance between a metal and a semiconductor. Rc for au a and ni b contacts extracted from tlm structures. To my knowledge, tlm technic is not related to transmission lines, used for transfer of electrical energy. Semiconductor device and material characterization dr. Practical guide to electrical measurements in low voltage switchboards 1 1 electric measurements measurement. Cooper, modern electronic instrumentation and measurement techniques prentice hall, 1994. Issn 17518822 numerical analysis of some measurements.
Development of contact resistance measurement capability and application to new photovoltaic materials results and conclusion measurement setup background introduction figure 1. Dieter schroder from arizona state university for his generous contributions and freely given resources. Apr 11, 2017 the charge carrier mobility is a key performance criteria for organic semiconductors 1. Measurements of thermal conductivity are also subject to contact resistance, with particular significance in heat transport through granular media. Pdf transmission line method tlm measurement of metalzns. Pdf transmission line method tlm measurement of metal. Ocv measurements can provide a good estimation for the remaining capacity of the cell as shown below.
Similarly, a drop in hydrostatic pressure analogous to electrical voltage occurs when fluid flow transitions from one channel to another. Awareness of electrical measurement hazards understand safety specifications for digital multimeters dmms and testers understand the four installation measurement categories minimize and avoid electrical measurement hazards outline. Some understanding of the lab instruments is necessary to avoid personal or equipment damage. The tlm contact resistance given by the equation 5 can be expressed as. Measurements performed immediately before red and immediately after blue the vacuum anneal, in the same probe station, without breaking vacuum. The tlm is a rapid, accurate, and costeffective technique for contact resistance measurement 19, and requires simpler testing structures than the crossbridge kelvin resistor cbkr structures. Electrical measurements pdf notes em pdf notes smartzworld. Contact resistance testing also known as ductor testing, measures the resistance of electrical connections terminations, joints, connectors, busbar sections or cable connections and so on. Iv plots of the tlm structure with various ptse 2 channel length values l for a tiau and b niaucontacted devices, and the associated. In the united states, electrical potentials more than 48 v are considered dangerous to human life.
319 549 361 238 1389 210 184 1271 1405 1555 1179 225 997 343 515 719 915 1470 1065 1146 486 1095 676 268 159 1324 763 53 1086